Synthetic Polymer (Synthetic Material)

Mica Schist

Mica Schist (predominantly Muscovite or Biotite sheet silicates)

Chert (Brecciated or Veined)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Ferruginous Sandstone (Ironstone)

Arenite with Limonite/Goethite cement

Olivine (Peridot)

Magnesium Iron Silicate ((Mg, Fe)2SiO4)

Chert (variously known as Flint)

Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Diorite

Intrusive Igneous Diorite (intermediate composition)

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 based clastic rock)

Pink Quartzite

Quartzite (primarily SiO2)

Slate

Foliated Metamorphic Rock (primarily composed of quartz, illite, and chlorite)

Chert (Nodule)

Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium [CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O]

Banded Iron Formation (BIF) with Quartz

Banded Iron Formation, often composed of alternating layers of hematite (Fe2O3) or magnetite (Fe3O4) and chert (microcrystalline quartz, SiO2)

Diamond

Diamond (C)

Jasper

Silicon dioxide (SiO2)

Granite

Phaneritic Igneous Rock (composed mostly of Quartz, Alkali Feldspar, and Plagioclase)

Pink Granite

Granite (Felsic Plutonic Rock)

Banded Chert (or Flint)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Chert (variant Flint)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Chert (specifically Jasper)

Silicon dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide inclusions

Petrified Wood

Silicified Wood (SiO2)

Red Jasper

Jasper (Silicon Dioxide with Iron Oxide inclusions), SiO2 + Fe2O3

Jasper (Green/Yellow Moss Jasper)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Chert (specifically Gray/Banded Chert)

Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Black Obsidian

Volcanic Glass (predominantly SiO2, Silicon Dioxide)

Coral (Precious Coral)

Corallium rubrum (Red Coral), Paracorallium japonicum (Momo Coral), Pleurocorallium elatius (Sardinian Coral), various other species within the Corallidae family. Chemically, it's primarily Calcium Carbonate (CaCO 3 ).

Fossiliferous Rock (likely Dinosaur Fossil in Matrix)

Permineralized Vertebrate Fossil (Calcium Carbonate/Silica replaced bone material)

Chert (Flint Pebbles)

Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Chert (Iron-stained)

Chert (Microcrystalline and Cryptocrystalline Quartz, SiO2)

Prehnite

Prehnite (Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2)

Ferruginous Sandstone (Ironstone)

Clastic Sedimentary Rock (composed of SiO2 with Fe2O3/FeO(OH) cement)

Rose Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with trace amounts of titanium, iron, or manganese

Sodalite

Sodalite: Na8(Al6Si6O24)Cl2

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis Lazuli (a rock type, not a single mineral; main component is Lazurite (Na,Ca)8[(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2|(Al6Si6O24)])

Metal Alloy (Likely Pewter or Sterling Silver)

Not a natural geological specimen; composed of refined metals. If pewter, it's a tin-based alloy. If sterling silver, it's 92.5% silver and 7.5% other metals (usually copper).

Apatite

Apatite Group (e.g., Fluorapatite Ca5(PO4)3F, Chlorapatite Ca5(PO4)3Cl, Hydroxylapatite Ca5(PO4)3(OH))

Diamond

Diamond (carbon allotrope), C (chemical formula)

Red Jasper or Chert

Jasper (SiO2, a variety of chalcedony with iron oxide impurities), Chert (SiO2)

Iolite (Cordierite)

Magnesium Iron Aluminum Silicate (Mg,Fe)2Al4Si5O18

Quartzite

Metamorphosed Quartz Sandstone (SiO2)

Coquina

Biogenic Limestone (Calcium Carbonate - CaCO3)

Quartzite

Quartzite (primarily SiO2)

Pyrite (on host rock)

Iron Sulfide (FeS2)