gemstone
Amber
Fossilized tree resin (C10H16O)
Hardness of 2-2.5 on the Mohs scale, golden-yellow to orange-brown color (sometimes red or green), resinous to vitreous luster, amorphous crystal structure, specific gravity of 1.05-1.10.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 2-2.5 on the Mohs scale, golden-yellow to orange-brown color (sometimes red or green), resinous to vitreous luster, amorphous crystal structure, specific gravity of 1.05-1.10.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the fossilization of plant resin, primarily from conifers, over millions of years (ranging from carboniferous to quaternary periods, mostly Eocene).
Uses & applications
Used in jewelry, decorative items, and historically in folk medicine. Highly valued by paleontologists for preserved inclusions of ancient insects and plant matter.
Geological facts
Amber can float in saltwater and becomes electrostatically charged when rubbed. Some pieces contain remarkably preserved prehistoric insects, feathers, and flora.
Field identification & locations
Found in regions with ancient forest deposits, notably the Baltic region, the Dominican Republic, and Myanmar. Identified by its warm touch, low specific gravity, and resinous smell when rubbed.
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