gemstone

Amber

Fossilized tree resin (C10H16O)

Hardness: 2-2.5 on Mohs scale. Color: Yellow, orange, brown, reddish. Luster: Resinous, greasy, or vitreous. Structure: Amorphous (non-crystalline). Specific gravity: 1.05-1.10.

Hardness: 2-2
Color: Yellow, orange, brown, reddish
Luster: Resinous, greasy, or vitreous

Identified August 5, 2026More gemstone →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 2-2.5 on Mohs scale. Color: Yellow, orange, brown, reddish. Luster: Resinous, greasy, or vitreous. Structure: Amorphous (non-crystalline). Specific gravity: 1.05-1.10.

Formation & geological history

Formed from the fossilization of tree resin, typically originating from coniferous trees in ancient forests dating back from the Carboniferous to the Neogene periods (millions of years ago).

Uses & applications

Used in jewelry, decorative ornaments, historical artifacts, and scientific research due to potential trapped inclusions (insects, flora).

Geological facts

Amber floats in saltwater and can sometimes wash up on beaches. It can produce static electricity when rubbed with cloth, which is where the ancient Greek word for amber ('elektron') and the word 'electricity' come from.

Field identification & locations

Found worldwide, notably in the Baltic region and the Dominican Republic. Easily identified by its low specific gravity, warm touch, resinous smell when rubbed or warmed, and electrostatic properties.