gemstone

Amber

Fossilized tree resin

Hardness: 2-2.5 on the Mohs scale. Color: Yellow, orange, brown, sometimes reddish or whitish. Luster: Resinous. Crystal structure: Amorphous (non-crystalline). Specific gravity: 1.05-1.10 (floats in saltwater).

Hardness: 2-2
Color: Yellow, orange, brown, sometimes reddish or whitish
Luster: Resinous

Identified August 2, 2026More gemstone →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed from the fossilization of plant resin, predominantly from extinct coniferous trees, over millions of years (ranging from Carboniferous to Quaternary, mostly Eocene).

Uses & applications

Used primarily in jewelry, decorative items, and scientific research due to potential fossil inclusions (insects, flora).

Geological facts

Amber is not a true mineral as it is of organic origin. Some pieces contain remarkably preserved prehistoric insects and plant matter, providing invaluable windows into ancient ecosystems.

Field identification & locations

Can be identified by its low specific gravity, warm touch, resinous smell when rubbed or heated, and static electricity produced when rubbed with cloth. Found worldwide, with major deposits in the Baltic region and the Dominican Republic.