mineral
Amethyst
Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, light purple to deep violet color, vitreous luster, hexagonal crystal system, conchoidal fracture with no true cleavage, specific gravity of 2.65.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, light purple to deep violet color, vitreous luster, hexagonal crystal system, conchoidal fracture with no true cleavage, specific gravity of 2.65.
Formation & geological history
Forms in hydrothermal veins and vugs in volcanic rocks, particularly in silica-rich liquids cooling at low temperatures, with geological ages varying widely from millions to billions of years.
Uses & applications
Widely used in jewelry, gemstone carving, ornamental objects, and as a popular mineral specimen for collectors.
Geological facts
The purple color in amethyst is caused by irradiation, iron impurities, and the presence of trace elements. Ancient Greeks believed amethyst could prevent intoxication.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its distinct purple color and hardness of 7. Commonly found in Brazil, Uruguay, Zambia, and the United States.
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