gemstone
Amethyst
Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Purple, violet, or pale lilac; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal System: Trigonal; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.65
- Hardness
- 7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Purple, violet, or pale lilac
- Luster
- Vitreous (glassy)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Purple, violet, or pale lilac; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal System: Trigonal; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.65
Formation & geological history
Formed in low- to high-temperature hydrothermal veins, as well as cavities in basaltic volcanic rocks (geodes) where silica-rich solutions deposit crystals over long periods.
Uses & applications
Widely used as a gemstone in jewelry, for ornamental carvings, spiritual and metaphysical practices, and as collector mineral specimens.
Geological facts
The purple color of amethyst is caused by irradiation, iron impurities, and the presence of trace elements. In ancient times, it was believed to protect the wearer from intoxication.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its distinctive purple coloration and conchoidal fracture with a hardness of 7. Found globally, notably in Brazil, Uruguay, and parts of the United States.
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