mineral
Amethyst
Quartz (Silicon Dioxide with iron impurities), SiO2
Hardness: 7 Mohs scale; Color: Purple to violet; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal system: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.65
- Hardness
- 7 Mohs scale
- Color
- Purple to violet
- Luster
- Vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 Mohs scale; Color: Purple to violet; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal system: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.65
Formation & geological history
Formed in hydrothermal veins and basaltic geodes through the deposition of silica-rich solutions where iron impurities are subjected to natural irradiation.
Uses & applications
Primarily used in jewelry (rings, brooches, necklaces), ornamental carvings, and as a popular collector's mineral.
Geological facts
Amethyst was considered a precious stone equal to diamond or ruby until large deposits were found in Brazil. The name comes from the Ancient Greek 'amethystos', meaning 'not intoxicated'.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its signature purple color, hexagonal crystal shape, and quartz-like hardness. Found globally in regions like Brazil, Uruguay, and Africa.
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