gemstone

Aquamarine

Beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6)

Hardness: 7.5 to 8 on the Mohs scale; Color: pale blue to light greenish-blue; Luster: vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: hexagonal, typically forming elongated prismatic crystals with distinct vertical striations; Cleavage: poor; Specific Gravity: 2.68 to 2.74

Hardness: 7
Color: pale blue to light greenish-blue
Luster: vitreous (glassy)

Identified July 28, 2026More gemstone →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed primarily in pegmatites and in cavities within granitic rocks through hydrothermal processes, often crystallizing from cooling magma-derived fluids enriched in beryllium, silicon, and aluminum.

Uses & applications

Highly valued as a precious gemstone used in fine jewelry such as rings, necklaces, and earrings; also collected by mineral enthusiasts.

Geological facts

Aquamarine derives its name from the Latin words 'aqua' (water) and 'marina' (of the sea). The largest gem-quality aquamarine ever found was in Minas Gerais, Brazil, in 1910, weighing over 110 kilograms.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its characteristic hexagonal crystal habit, pale blue or bluish-green color, vitreous luster, and high hardness which scratches glass easily. Commonly found in pegmatite-rich regions globally, including Brazil, Madagascar, Pakistan, and parts of East Africa.