gemstone
Aquamarine
Beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18)
Hardness: 7.5-8 on the Mohs scale. Color ranges from pale blue to deep blue-green. Luster is vitreous (glassy) to resinous. Crystal structure is hexagonal. Cleavage is poor, and specific gravity is around 2.68-2.74.
- Hardness
- 7
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7.5-8 on the Mohs scale. Color ranges from pale blue to deep blue-green. Luster is vitreous (glassy) to resinous. Crystal structure is hexagonal. Cleavage is poor, and specific gravity is around 2.68-2.74.
Formation & geological history
Forms primarily in pegmatites, hydrothermal veins, and occasionally in metamorphic rocks like schists and gneisses when beryllium-rich fluids cool and crystallize over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Widely used as a precious gemstone in jewelry such as rings, necklaces, and earrings, and valued as a collector's mineral specimen.
Geological facts
Aquamarine is the March birthstone. Its name comes from the Latin words 'aqua' (water) and 'marina' (sea), reflecting its ocean-like color. The largest gem-quality aquamarine ever found was in Brazil in 1910, weighing over 110 kilograms.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its distinctive light blue to cyan color, high hardness, and hexagonal crystal habit when unpolished. Major sources include Brazil, Madagascar, Pakistan, and the USA.
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