gemstone
Blue Sapphire
Corundum (Al2O3)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 9 on Mohs scale, deep blue color, vitreous to adamantine luster, trigonal crystal system, specific gravity around 4.0.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 9 on Mohs scale, deep blue color, vitreous to adamantine luster, trigonal crystal system, specific gravity around 4.0.
Formation & geological history
Forms in aluminum-rich metamorphic and igneous rocks, particularly pegmatites and marble, over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Primarily used in fine jewelry, watch components, and industrial abrasives.
Geological facts
Sapphire is the September birthstone and is associated with royalty, wisdom, and divine favor across many cultures.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its extreme hardness, high density, and characteristic hexagonal crystal habit when rough.
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