Rock Identifier
Botryoidal chalcedony (agate/jasper), likely iron-stained (Microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂; chalcedony with possible jasper and goethite/hematite inclusions) — mineral
mineral

Botryoidal chalcedony (agate/jasper), likely iron-stained

Microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂; chalcedony with possible jasper and goethite/hematite inclusions

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Typically hardness 6.5–7, vitreous to waxy luster, translucent gray-brown to orange-red color, and no cleavage; the specimen shows cryptocrystalline, layered/botryoidal quartz with rusty iron-oxide staining.

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Physical properties

Typically hardness 6.5–7, vitreous to waxy luster, translucent gray-brown to orange-red color, and no cleavage; the specimen shows cryptocrystalline, layered/botryoidal quartz with rusty iron-oxide staining.

Formation & geological history

Forms when silica-rich groundwater fills cavities and fractures in volcanic rocks, depositing chalcedony in successive layers; iron oxides create the brown, orange, and red colors. Its precise geological age cannot be determined from the image.

Uses & applications

Used as ornamental stone, cabochons, beads, carvings, and lapidary material; less colorful pieces are mainly collector specimens.

Geological facts

Chalcedony is quartz whose crystals are too small to see unaided. Agate is commonly banded, while jasper is more opaque and impurity-rich; this piece appears transitional between them.

Field identification & locations

Look for waxy luster, conchoidal fracture, translucency at thin edges, and hardness sufficient to scratch glass. Common sources include volcanic terrains in Brazil, Uruguay, Mexico, India, and the western United States.