mineral

Botryoidal malachite-bearing copper ore

Malachite, Cu₂CO₃(OH)₂, possibly with chrysocolla and copper-oxide matrix

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness 3.5–4; typically vivid green, though this specimen is dark green-black with blue-green surfaces and earthy to slightly vitreous luster. Malachite is monoclinic, commonly forming botryoidal crusts; cleavage is perfect in one direction and specific gravity is about 3.6–4.0.

Identified August 15, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms as a secondary copper-carbonate mineral in oxidized zones above copper sulfide deposits, where groundwater reacts with copper minerals and carbonate. It is generally geologically young relative to its host ore, with no age determinable from the photograph.

Uses & applications

Used as a copper ore, ornamental stone, pigment, and lapidary material; attractive polished pieces are collected, but this rough fragment has modest value.

Geological facts

The green color is diagnostic of copper alteration, while blue-green areas may indicate chrysocolla. Malachite should not be used for drinking vessels or handled as dust because copper minerals can be toxic if ingested or inhaled.

Field identification & locations

Common localities include the Democratic Republic of Congo, Zambia, Russia, Australia, Arizona, and Nevada. Confirm with a streak test (pale green), hardness, and acid reaction; avoid destructive testing on valuable specimens.