gemstone
Carnelian
Silicon Dioxide, variety of chalcedony (SiO2)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, orange to reddish-brown color, waxy to vitreous luster, microcrystalline quartz structure with conchoidal fracture.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, orange to reddish-brown color, waxy to vitreous luster, microcrystalline quartz structure with conchoidal fracture.
Formation & geological history
Forms in low-temperature hydrothermal environments and cavities of volcanic rocks through the deposition of silica-rich groundwater solutions.
Uses & applications
Widely used in jewelry, cabochons, carved talismans, and decorative items due to its appealing translucent warm tones.
Geological facts
Carnelian was highly prized in ancient Egypt and Rome, frequently used for signet rings and amulets to promote courage and vitality.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its distinctive orange-red coloration, waxy luster, and resistance to scratching steel; commonly sourced from India, Brazil, and Uruguay.
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