gemstone
Carnelian
SiO2 (variety of chalcedony)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, red to orange-red color, vitreous to waxy luster, and microcrystalline trigonal structure.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, red to orange-red color, vitreous to waxy luster, and microcrystalline trigonal structure.
Formation & geological history
Formed in low-temperature hydrothermal environments and cavities of volcanic or sedimentary rocks through silica deposition.
Uses & applications
Used primarily for jewelry, beads, talismans, and ornamental carvings since antiquity.
Geological facts
Ancient Egyptians associated carnelian with the journey to the afterlife and placed amulets made of it on mummies.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its distinct translucent reddish-orange hue and conchoidal fracture. Commonly found in India, Brazil, and Uruguay.
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