Rock Identifier
Carnelian (Silicon Dioxide (Chalcedony variety)) — gemstone
gemstone

Carnelian

Silicon Dioxide (Chalcedony variety)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness of 7 on Mohs scale; color ranges from orange-pink to deep reddish-brown; waxy to vitreous luster; microcrystalline crystal structure.

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Physical properties

Hardness of 7 on Mohs scale; color ranges from orange-pink to deep reddish-brown; waxy to vitreous luster; microcrystalline crystal structure.

Formation & geological history

Forms in low-temperature hydrothermal environments and cavities of volcanic rocks through the deposition of silica-rich groundwater.

Uses & applications

Widely used in lapidary arts, carved into beads, cabochons, and decorative items like this heart-shaped pocket stone.

Geological facts

Historically used in ancient Rome and Egypt for signet rings and amulets due to wax not sticking to its smooth surface.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its translucent orange-red color and conchoidal fracture, commonly sourced from India, Brazil, and Madagascar.