gemstone
Carnelian
SiO2 (Chalcedony variety)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness 6.5-7 on Mohs scale, orange to reddish-brown color, waxy to vitreous luster, microcrystalline quartz structure with conchoidal fracture.
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Physical properties
Hardness 6.5-7 on Mohs scale, orange to reddish-brown color, waxy to vitreous luster, microcrystalline quartz structure with conchoidal fracture.
Formation & geological history
Formed from silica-rich solutions precipitating in cavities of volcanic and sedimentary rocks at low temperatures.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in jewelry, beads, talismans, and ornamental carvings.
Geological facts
Carnelian was highly prized in ancient civilizations like Egypt and Rome for seals, signet rings, and as an amulet for the afterlife.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its distinctive translucent orange-red hue and waxy luster; commonly found worldwide, including regions of Central Asia.
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