gemstone
Carnelian
Chalcedony (SiO2)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, orange to reddish-brown color, vitreous to waxy luster, microcrystalline crystal structure, and conchoidal fracture.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, orange to reddish-brown color, vitreous to waxy luster, microcrystalline crystal structure, and conchoidal fracture.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the deposition of silica from groundwater in cavities of rocks, commonly associated with volcanic or sedimentary environments.
Uses & applications
Widely used in jewelry making, carved into cameos, talismans, and prized by collectors.
Geological facts
Carnelian has been valued since ancient times, frequently used in ancient Rome for signet rings and in ancient Egypt as a stone of courage.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its distinctive translucent orange-to-red hue and waxy luster; commonly sourced from India, Brazil, and Madagascar.
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