
metamorphic
Carved nephrite jade pendant
Nephrite jade; interlocking tremolite–actinolite amphibole, Ca₂(Mg,Fe)₅Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectCreamy yellow-green, translucent to opaque, waxy to vitreous luster, very tough and typically non-cleavable; Mohs hardness 6–6.5, specific gravity about 2.9–3.1. The polished rectangular pendant is hand-carved and drilled, with an attached metal bail.
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Physical properties
Creamy yellow-green, translucent to opaque, waxy to vitreous luster, very tough and typically non-cleavable; Mohs hardness 6–6.5, specific gravity about 2.9–3.1. The polished rectangular pendant is hand-carved and drilled, with an attached metal bail.
Formation & geological history
Nephrite forms by metamorphic alteration of ultramafic or dolomitic rocks, commonly in subduction-related shear zones; deposits range from Paleozoic to Cenozoic. Color reflects iron and minor impurities; exact locality and age cannot be determined from the image.
Uses & applications
Used for carved ornaments, beads, pendants, tools, and culturally significant objects, especially in Chinese, Māori, and Central Asian traditions. Jewelry value depends strongly on translucency, even color, carving quality, and confirmed jade identity.
Geological facts
Nephrite’s dense interlocking fibers give it exceptional toughness, often greater than jadeite. Similar-looking serpentine, bowenite, dyed chalcedony, and glass are common imitations.
Field identification & locations
Identify by strong toughness, waxy appearance, cool feel, and resistance to scratching by a steel knife (though testing can damage it); laboratory refractive-index, specific-gravity, and spectroscopy tests are preferable. Common sources include China, British Columbia, Siberia, New Zealand, and Wyoming.
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