
metamorphic
Dark green-black metamorphic rock, likely serpentinite
Serpentinite; chiefly serpentine-group minerals, commonly antigorite, lizardite, or chrysotile, with magnetite and minor chromite
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectTypically green to black, waxy to greasy luster, fine-grained and massive; Mohs hardness about 2.5–4, with poor or absent cleavage and specific gravity roughly 2.5–2.7. The specimen’s rounded, sparkling surface may reflect polished or weathered serpentinite, though exact identification requires testing.
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Physical properties
Typically green to black, waxy to greasy luster, fine-grained and massive; Mohs hardness about 2.5–4, with poor or absent cleavage and specific gravity roughly 2.5–2.7. The specimen’s rounded, sparkling surface may reflect polished or weathered serpentinite, though exact identification requires testing.
Formation & geological history
Forms when ultramafic mantle rocks such as peridotite undergo low-temperature hydration during tectonic subduction or seafloor alteration. Serpentinization is commonly Paleozoic to Cenozoic in exposed ophiolite belts, but the specimen’s age cannot be determined visually.
Uses & applications
Used as decorative stone, carvings, tiles, countertops, and occasionally ornamental gemstone material; historically used for architectural facing. Chrysotile-bearing varieties may contain asbestos and should not be cut or powdered without testing.
Geological facts
Often contains magnetite, making some pieces weakly magnetic; it may show slick, rounded surfaces and dark green veining. Similar-looking rocks include chlorite schist, basalt, and polished greenstone.
Field identification & locations
Common in ophiolites and tectonic fault zones, including California, Italy, New Zealand, Canada, and the Appalachians. A streak, hardness, magnetism, and thin-section or Raman/XRD analysis can confirm it.
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