gemstone
Diamond
Diamond (C)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectMohs hardness of 10, typically colorless to pale yellow, adamantine luster, isometric crystal structure, perfect octahedral cleavage, specific gravity of 3.52.
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness of 10, typically colorless to pale yellow, adamantine luster, isometric crystal structure, perfect octahedral cleavage, specific gravity of 3.52.
Formation & geological history
Formed deep within the Earth's mantle under extreme heat and pressure over billions of years, brought to the surface by deep-source volcanic eruptions (kimberlites and lamproites).
Uses & applications
Highly valued in jewelry as a gemstone and extensively used in industry for cutting, grinding, and drilling due to its extreme hardness.
Geological facts
Diamond is the hardest known naturally occurring substance and is the only gem composed of a single element (carbon).
Field identification & locations
Identified by its extreme hardness (can scratch all other minerals) and high refractive index (brilliance). Found globally, notably in Africa, Russia, Canada, and Australia.
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