gemstone
Diamond
Carbon (C)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 10 on the Mohs scale, adamantine luster, isometric crystal system, perfect octahedral cleavage, specific gravity of 3.51.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 10 on the Mohs scale, adamantine luster, isometric crystal system, perfect octahedral cleavage, specific gravity of 3.51.
Formation & geological history
Formed under extreme heat and pressure in Earth's mantle, typically 100 to 200 miles below the surface, and brought up by deep volcanic eruptions called kimberlite pipes.
Uses & applications
Widely used in fine jewelry and various industrial applications such as cutting, drilling, and grinding due to its unmatched hardness.
Geological facts
Diamond is the hardest known natural material on Earth and can conduct heat five times faster than copper.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its extreme hardness, high refractive index, and adamantine luster; commonly found in major mines across Russia, Botswana, Canada, and South Africa.
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