gemstone
Diamond
Carbon (C)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 10 on the Mohs scale, adamantine luster, isometric crystal system, perfect octahedral cleavage, specific gravity of 3.51.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 10 on the Mohs scale, adamantine luster, isometric crystal system, perfect octahedral cleavage, specific gravity of 3.51.
Formation & geological history
Formed under extreme heat and pressure in Earth's mantle, typically 100 to 200 miles below the surface, and brought up by deep volcanic eruptions.
Uses & applications
Widely used in fine jewelry and high-end engagement rings, as well as industrial cutting, grinding, and drilling tools due to extreme hardness.
Geological facts
Diamonds are the hardest known natural substance on Earth and form billions of years ago before being transported to the surface by kimberlite pipes.
Field identification & locations
Identified by extreme hardness that scratches all other minerals and high refractive index with adamantine luster. Found globally, notably in Africa, Russia, and Canada.
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