gemstone
Diamond
Carbon (C)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 10 on the Mohs scale, transparent to opaque, adamantine luster, isometric crystal system, perfect octahedral cleavage, specific gravity of 3.51.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 10 on the Mohs scale, transparent to opaque, adamantine luster, isometric crystal system, perfect octahedral cleavage, specific gravity of 3.51.
Formation & geological history
Formed deep within the Earth's mantle under extreme pressure and temperature conditions, typically over 1 to 3 billion years ago, and brought to the surface via kimberlite pipes.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in high-end fine jewelry and engagement rings, as well as industrial cutting, grinding, and drilling tools due to extreme hardness.
Geological facts
Diamond is the hardest known natural material on Earth and conducts heat exceptionally well.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its supreme hardness, high refractive index, and thermal conductivity; commonly mined in Russia, Botswana, Canada, and South Africa.
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