gemstone

Diamond

C (Native Carbon)

Hardness: 10 on Mohs scale. Color: Colorless (in this ring setting). Luster: Adamantine. Crystal Structure: Isometric-Hexoctahedral. Cleavage: Perfect octagonal cleavage in four directions. Specific Gravity: 3.52.

Hardness: 10 on Mohs scale
Color: Colorless (in this ring setting)
Luster: Adamantine

Identified July 23, 2026More gemstone →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed deep within Earth's mantle (100 to 150 miles underground) under extreme high temperature and pressure conditions, then brought to the surface via volcanic eruptions through kimberlite and lamproite pipes billions of years ago.

Uses & applications

Widely used in fine jewelry such as engagement rings, wedding bands, and necklaces due to its brilliance and durability. Industrially used as abrasives, cutting tools, and high-precision scientific instruments.

Geological facts

Diamond is the hardest naturally occurring substance on Earth. It is composed of pure elemental carbon arranged in a dense, rigid crystal lattice structure.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its unmatched hardness, high refractive index, and adamantine luster. Common primary sources include Russia, Botswana, Canada, Australia, and South Africa.