gemstone

Dyed and polished agate beads

Chalcedony (microcrystalline quartz), SiO₂; commonly agate

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness 6.5–7 Mohs; typically waxy to vitreous luster, opaque to translucent, with multicolored banding or orbicular patterns. Quartz is trigonal, but its microcrystalline structure makes individual crystals indistinguishable; beads are drilled and polished, with vivid colors likely enhanced by dye.

Identified September 18, 2026More gemstone →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Agate forms when silica-rich groundwater fills cavities in volcanic rocks, depositing concentric chalcedony layers over long periods, commonly during the Cenozoic or older volcanic episodes. These specimens appear cut from natural agate and artificially colored.

Uses & applications

Used for inexpensive jewelry, prayer beads, ornaments, and carvings; value depends on pattern, color stability, craftsmanship, and naturalness.

Geological facts

Agate is a variety of chalcedony distinguished by patterned or banded growth. Dye can penetrate porous zones and produce colors rarely seen in untreated agate.

Field identification & locations

Identify by waxy luster, very high polish, hardness, cool feel, and internal banding or orbicular patterns; glass imitations may show bubbles and scratch more easily. Common sources include Brazil, Uruguay, India, Madagascar, Mexico, and Botswana.