metamorphic
Eclogite
Omphacite-Pyrope Eclogite
Hardness of 6.5-7.5 on the Mohs scale, distinct vibrant red (pyrope garnet) and green (omphacite pyroxene) coloration, vitreous to dull luster, granular to massive crystal structure, specific gravity around 3.3-3.5.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6.5-7.5 on the Mohs scale, distinct vibrant red (pyrope garnet) and green (omphacite pyroxene) coloration, vitreous to dull luster, granular to massive crystal structure, specific gravity around 3.3-3.5.
Formation & geological history
Formed through ultra-high-pressure metamorphism of basalt or gabbro when subducted into the Earth's mantle to depths exceeding 50 kilometers, typically during continental collision events.
Uses & applications
Primarily used as a scientific specimen for studying mantle dynamics, subduction zones, and the deep Earth; occasionally used as an ornamental lapidary stone for collectors.
Geological facts
Eclogite is a relatively rare rock because it requires extreme conditions of high pressure and temperature to form, and it must be rapidly exhumed back to the Earth's surface without melting or completely degrading.
Field identification & locations
Identified by the striking combination of red garnet and green pyroxene. Commonly found in ultra-high-pressure metamorphic terranes such as the Western Gneiss Region in Norway or the Alps.
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