Rock Identifier
Emerald (rough crystal) (Beryl, Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈; green color typically from chromium and/or vanadium) — gemstone
gemstone

Emerald (rough crystal)

Beryl, Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈; green color typically from chromium and/or vanadium

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Mohs hardness 7.5–8; deep green, vitreous luster, hexagonal crystal system, and poor to indistinct cleavage. The pictured specimen is rough and fractured, so color alone cannot confirm gem quality or origin.

Identified More gemstone →
Explore Emerald (rough crystal) in the encyclopedia →

Identify your own rocks.

Get a report just like this from any photo, free.

Physical properties

Mohs hardness 7.5–8; deep green, vitreous luster, hexagonal crystal system, and poor to indistinct cleavage. The pictured specimen is rough and fractured, so color alone cannot confirm gem quality or origin.

Formation & geological history

Forms in beryllium-rich hydrothermal veins and pegmatites, or in metamorphic rocks where fluids interact with chromium- or vanadium-bearing rocks. Emerald deposits range from ancient to geologically recent.

Uses & applications

Used as a faceted gemstone and in jewelry; attractive rough crystals are collected. Lower-grade material may be cut into beads or ornamental objects.

Geological facts

Emerald is the green variety of beryl; inclusions are common and are traditionally called the stone’s jardin (garden).

Field identification & locations

Look for green color, a glassy luster, and hexagonal prismatic crystal habit; emerald is found notably in Colombia, Zambia, Brazil, and elsewhere. Identification and treatment assessment require gemological testing.