gemstone
Emerald
Beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6)
Hardness: 7.5-8 on the Mohs scale; Color: Green to dark green; Luster: Vitreous to sub-vitreous; Crystal structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Poor; Specific Gravity: 2.67-2.78
- Hardness
- 7
- Color
- Green to dark green
- Luster
- Vitreous to sub-vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7.5-8 on the Mohs scale; Color: Green to dark green; Luster: Vitreous to sub-vitreous; Crystal structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Poor; Specific Gravity: 2.67-2.78
Formation & geological history
Formed in metamorphic or igneous environments where hydrothermal fluids interact with surrounding rocks, commonly associated with pegmatites or tectonic plate boundaries.
Uses & applications
Used primarily as a precious gemstone in fine jewelry, as well as in mineral collections and occasional optical applications.
Geological facts
Emeralds have been prized since ancient Egyptian times, with Cleopatra being famously fond of them. They often contain inclusions known as 'jardin' (garden), which help gemologists distinguish natural emeralds from synthetics.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its distinct green color, hexagonal crystal form, and high hardness. Found in countries like Colombia, Zambia, Brazil, and Pakistan.
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