gemstone
Garnet
Group of silicate minerals (e.g., Almandine: Fe3Al2(SiO4)3)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 6.5 to 7.5 on the Mohs scale, Color: Deep red, reddish-brown, or other colors, Luster: Vitreous to resinous, Crystal Structure: Isometric (cubic), Cleavage: None (exhibits conchoidal fracture), Specific Gravity: 3.5 to 4.3
- Hardness
- 6
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5 to 7.5 on the Mohs scale, Color: Deep red, reddish-brown, or other colors, Luster: Vitreous to resinous, Crystal Structure: Isometric (cubic), Cleavage: None (exhibits conchoidal fracture), Specific Gravity: 3.5 to 4.3
Formation & geological history
Formed predominantly in metamorphic rocks such as schists and gneisses through regional metamorphism, as well as in igneous rocks like granitic pegmatites and peridotites.
Uses & applications
Widely used as precious gemstones in jewelry, as an abrasive in waterjet cutting and sandblasting, and in water filtration.
Geological facts
Garnets have been used since the Bronze Age as gemstones and abrasives. The name comes from the Latin word 'granatus', meaning 'grain', resembling pomegranate seeds.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its distinct isometric crystal habit (often dodecahedrons or trapezohedrons), high hardness, lack of cleavage, and characteristic deep red color. Found globally in metamorphic terranes, river placers, and pegmatites.
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