mineral
Graphite
Graphite (Carbon, C)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectMohs hardness of 1-2, steel-gray to black color, metallic to earthy luster, hexagonal crystal system, perfect basal cleavage.
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness of 1-2, steel-gray to black color, metallic to earthy luster, hexagonal crystal system, perfect basal cleavage.
Formation & geological history
Forms through the metamorphism of carbon-rich organic material in sedimentary rocks or via reduction of carbon compounds in igneous and hydrothermal environments.
Uses & applications
Used in pencils, lubricants, refractories, lithium-ion battery anodes, and graphene production.
Geological facts
Despite being made of pure carbon like diamond, graphite is extremely soft due to weak bonds between its graphene layers.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified in the field by its extreme softness, greasy feel, gray-black streak, and metallic sheen; found worldwide in metamorphic terranes.
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