
metamorphic
Green serpentine or nephrite-like stone
Serpentine-group minerals, chiefly antigorite/lizardite; possibly minor chlorite or actinolite
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectDark mottled green, opaque, waxy to dull luster, fine-grained and irregularly fractured; estimated Mohs hardness 2.5–5.5, with no visible crystal faces or cleavage. The image alone cannot reliably distinguish serpentine from nephrite or other green metamorphic rock.
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Physical properties
Dark mottled green, opaque, waxy to dull luster, fine-grained and irregularly fractured; estimated Mohs hardness 2.5–5.5, with no visible crystal faces or cleavage. The image alone cannot reliably distinguish serpentine from nephrite or other green metamorphic rock.
Formation & geological history
Typically forms when ultramafic rocks undergo low-temperature hydration and metamorphism, commonly in ophiolite belts and subduction-related settings. Formation ages vary widely from Precambrian to recent tectonic alteration.
Uses & applications
Used as carving stone, ornamental material, and historically for tools and small sculptures; attractive nephrite-quality material may be used in jewelry. Ordinary rough pieces generally have little commercial value.
Geological facts
Serpentine is often veined or mottled green and may feel unusually smooth or slightly soapy. Nephrite is tougher and more fibrous, whereas serpentine is generally softer and easier to scratch.
Field identification & locations
Common localities include California, Vermont, New Zealand, Canada, Russia, and Italy. Field tests include checking hardness with a steel knife and examining a fresh surface; definitive identification requires streak, specific gravity, microscopy, or Raman/XRD testing.
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