metamorphic
Greenschist / Serpentinite
Metamorphic rock rich in chlorite/actinolite/serpentine
Hardness: 2.5–5.5, Color: Greenish-gray to dark green, Luster: Dull to pearly/waxy, Crystal structure: Fine-grained, microcrystalline or foliated, Cleavage: Poor to irregular fracture
- Hardness
- 2
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Physical properties
Hardness: 2.5–5.5, Color: Greenish-gray to dark green, Luster: Dull to pearly/waxy, Crystal structure: Fine-grained, microcrystalline or foliated, Cleavage: Poor to irregular fracture
Formation & geological history
Formed through low-grade regional metamorphism of mafic igneous rocks (such as basalt or gabbro) under low temperature and moderate pressure conditions rich in hydrothermal fluids.
Uses & applications
Used locally as crushed stone, construction aggregate, decorative garden stones, and occasionally carved into small ornaments if soft enough.
Geological facts
Greenschist gets its characteristic greenish hue from metamorphic minerals like chlorite, epidote, and actinolite. Serpentinite forms when mantle rocks react with seawater at tectonic boundaries.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its distinct greenish-gray cast, fine texture, soft mineral content (scratchable with a steel nail), and dull to greasy feel. Common in ancient mountain belts and oceanic suture zones.
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