metamorphic
Greenstone / Greenschist
Greenschist (contains chlorite, epidote, actinolite)
Hardness: 3.5-5.5 (varies by mineral content); Color: Dull to dark green; Luster: Pearly to earthy; Crystal Structure: Foliated or massive; Specific Gravity: 2.8-3.0
- Hardness
- 3
- Color
- Dull to dark green
- Luster
- Pearly to earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3.5-5.5 (varies by mineral content); Color: Dull to dark green; Luster: Pearly to earthy; Crystal Structure: Foliated or massive; Specific Gravity: 2.8-3.0
Formation & geological history
Formed through regional metamorphism of mafic igneous rocks (like basalt) under low temperature and moderate pressure conditions, typically during mountain-building events.
Uses & applications
Historically used for making stone tools (celts/axes); currently used as crushed stone for construction, decorative garden stone, and as a dimension stone in architecture.
Geological facts
Greenstone belts are home to some of the oldest known rocks on Earth and are significant because they often host large deposits of gold, silver, and copper.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its distinctive greenish hue caused by chlorite minerals. Commonly found in ancient volcanic arcs and mountain ranges like the Appalachians or the Canadian Shield.
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