
metamorphic
Greenstone / serpentinized rock
Serpentinite, commonly dominated by serpentine-group minerals (antigorite, lizardite, or chrysotile)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectTypically olive to yellow-green, mottled, waxy to dull luster, and massive with no obvious crystals; Mohs hardness about 2.5–4, with variable specific gravity around 2.5–2.7. The wet, polished-looking surface and dark veining fit a serpentinized ultramafic rock, though the photograph cannot exclude greenstone or nephri…
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Physical properties
Typically olive to yellow-green, mottled, waxy to dull luster, and massive with no obvious crystals; Mohs hardness about 2.5–4, with variable specific gravity around 2.5–2.7. The wet, polished-looking surface and dark veining fit a serpentinized ultramafic rock, though the photograph cannot exclude greenstone or nephrite.
Formation & geological history
Forms when mantle-derived peridotite is hydrated and metamorphosed, commonly along tectonic plate boundaries and ophiolite belts. Serpentinization is mainly Mesozoic to younger in many exposed belts, but the age depends on locality.
Uses & applications
Used as ornamental stone, carvings, countertops, and aggregate; attractive material may be sold as “new jade” or serpentine, though it is not true jade.
Geological facts
Field tests include a waxy feel, low hardness, pale green streak, and possible magnetism from associated magnetite. True nephrite is tougher and harder (about 6–6.5) and generally has a fibrous texture.
Field identification & locations
Common in California, Vermont, Italy, New Zealand, and many ophiolite complexes. Avoid cutting or sanding unknown serpentinite because some varieties may contain chrysotile asbestos.
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