mineral
Hematite
Hematite (Fe2O3)
Hardness: 5.5 to 6.5 on the Mohs scale. Color: Steel gray, black, reddish-brown. Luster: Metallic to sub-metallic or dull. Crystal Structure: Trigonal. Cleavage: None, exhibits uneven to conchoidal fracture. Specific Gravity: 5.26.
- Hardness
- 5
- Color
- Steel gray, black, reddish-brown
- Luster
- Metallic to sub-metallic or dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 5.5 to 6.5 on the Mohs scale. Color: Steel gray, black, reddish-brown. Luster: Metallic to sub-metallic or dull. Crystal Structure: Trigonal. Cleavage: None, exhibits uneven to conchoidal fracture. Specific Gravity: 5.26.
Formation & geological history
Forms in a variety of geological environments including hydrothermal veins, sedimentary iron formations (Banded Iron Formations), and as volcanic sublimation products.
Uses & applications
Primary ore of iron, used in steel production, pigments, radiation shielding, and as a polished gemstone or ornamental stone.
Geological facts
Hematite is the most important ore of iron worldwide and is also found on Mars, where it contributes to the planet's reddish hue.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its characteristic reddish-brown streak when scratched across an unglazed porcelain plate, despite its dark metallic appearance.
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