mineral

Hematite

Iron Oxide (Fe2O3)

Hardness: 5.5-6.5 on Mohs scale. Color: Dark brownish-black to metallic grey, with a reddish-brown streak. Luster: Metallic to submetallic. Crystal structure: Trigonal. Specific gravity: 5.26.

Hardness: 5
Luster: Metallic to submetallic

Identified July 24, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 5.5-6.5 on Mohs scale. Color: Dark brownish-black to metallic grey, with a reddish-brown streak. Luster: Metallic to submetallic. Crystal structure: Trigonal. Specific gravity: 5.26.

Formation & geological history

Formed as a primary mineral and as an alteration product in sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic rocks. Often precipitates from hot water in hydrothermal veins or forms in banded iron formations.

Uses & applications

Primary ore of iron used in steel production, radiation shielding, heavy media separation, pigments, and carved gemstones or decorative polished stones.

Geological facts

Hematite leaves a characteristic reddish-brown streak when scratched across unglazed porcelain, which helps distinguish it from other heavy dark minerals like magnetite or meteoritic iron.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its notable high density (feels heavy in hand) and its distinct reddish-brown streak. Common in sedimentary banded iron deposits worldwide.