mineral
Hematite
Iron Oxide (Fe2O3)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 5.5-6.5 on Mohs scale. Color: Dark brownish-black to metallic grey, with a reddish-brown streak. Luster: Metallic to submetallic. Crystal structure: Trigonal. Specific gravity: 5.26.
- Hardness
- 5
- Luster
- Metallic to submetallic
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Physical properties
Hardness: 5.5-6.5 on Mohs scale. Color: Dark brownish-black to metallic grey, with a reddish-brown streak. Luster: Metallic to submetallic. Crystal structure: Trigonal. Specific gravity: 5.26.
Formation & geological history
Formed as a primary mineral and as an alteration product in sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic rocks. Often precipitates from hot water in hydrothermal veins or forms in banded iron formations.
Uses & applications
Primary ore of iron used in steel production, radiation shielding, heavy media separation, pigments, and carved gemstones or decorative polished stones.
Geological facts
Hematite leaves a characteristic reddish-brown streak when scratched across unglazed porcelain, which helps distinguish it from other heavy dark minerals like magnetite or meteoritic iron.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its notable high density (feels heavy in hand) and its distinct reddish-brown streak. Common in sedimentary banded iron deposits worldwide.
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Calcite–fluorite mineral specimen with iron-oxide staining
Calcite (CaCO₃), likely fluorite (CaF₂), with possible quartz and iron/manganese oxides
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