mineral

Hematite

Iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3)

Mohs hardness of 5.5 to 6.5; color ranges from metallic silver-grey to reddish-brown; luster is metallic to submetallic or earthy; crystal system is trigonal; high specific gravity (approx. 5.26); exhibits a distinctive reddish-brown streak.

Identified August 3, 2026More mineral →

Explore Hematite in the encyclopedia →

Identify your own rocks.

Get a report just like this from any photo, free.

App Store Google Play

Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms in diverse environments, notably as hydrothermal veins, in sedimentary rock sequences (such as banded iron formations), and as a weathering product of iron-rich rocks. Can range from Precambrian age in banded iron formations to modern hydrothermal settings.

Uses & applications

Primary ore of iron; used in heavy media separation, radiation shielding, pigments (rouge), and occasionally polished into cabochons or beads for jewelry.

Geological facts

Hematite gets its name from the Greek word 'haima', meaning blood, due to the red color of its powder or streak. It is also found on Mars, being a major contributor to the planet's reddish appearance.

Field identification & locations

Easily identified by its characteristic reddish-brown streak when scratched unglazed porcelain, and its high density relative to typical rocks. Commonly collected in stream beds, beaches, and iron-mining regions worldwide.