mineral

Hematite

Iron Oxide (Fe2O3)

Hardness: 5.5-6.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Metallic gray to black, reddish-brown when unpolished; Luster: Metallic to splendent; Crystal Structure: Trigonal; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 5.26

Hardness: 5
Color: Metallic gray to black, reddish-brown when unpolished
Luster: Metallic to splendent

Identified July 24, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 5.5-6.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Metallic gray to black, reddish-brown when unpolished; Luster: Metallic to splendent; Crystal Structure: Trigonal; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 5.26

Formation & geological history

Forms as a secondary mineral through weathering processes in soils, or in hydrothermal veins, lake beds, and sedimentary environments rich in iron.

Uses & applications

Main ore of iron, used in steel manufacturing, red pigments, radiation shielding, polished jewelry, beads, and tumbled stones.

Geological facts

Despite its metallic dark gray color when polished, natural hematite leaves a characteristic reddish-brown streak. The name hematite comes from the Greek word 'haima', meaning blood, due to its red streak.

Field identification & locations

Can be identified by its surprisingly heavy feel (high density), strong metallic luster, and distinct reddish-brown streak test. Commonly found in Brazil, Australia, South Africa, Russia, and the USA.