mineral

Hematite

Iron Oxide (Fe2O3)

Hardness: 5.5-6.5 on Mohs scale. Color: Metallic gray to black when polished, with a reddish-brown streak. Luster: Metallic to submetallic. Crystal structure: Trigonal. Specific gravity: 5.26.

Hardness: 5
Luster: Metallic to submetallic

Identified July 24, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 5.5-6.5 on Mohs scale. Color: Metallic gray to black when polished, with a reddish-brown streak. Luster: Metallic to submetallic. Crystal structure: Trigonal. Specific gravity: 5.26.

Formation & geological history

Forms as a primary mineral and as an alteration product in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary environments. Often found in banded iron formations (BIFs) formed billions of years ago in ancient oceans.

Uses & applications

Carved into jewelry such as solid carved hematite ring bands, beads, and cabochons. Major industrial ore of iron used to manufacture steel. Also used as a polishing compound (jeweler's rouge) and pigment.

Geological facts

Despite its dark metallic appearance when polished, powdered hematite or a streak test reveals a signature reddish-brown color (its name derives from the Greek word 'haima', meaning blood). Solid carved hematite rings are famous for being brittle and prone to snapping if dropped on hard surfaces.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its high density/heaviness, metallic polish, cool feel to the touch, and distinctive reddish-brown streak. Widely found in major iron deposits worldwide including Brazil, Australia, China, and Lake Superior (USA).