mineral

Hematite

Hematite, Iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 5.5-6.5 (Mohs scale); Color: Metallic gray to black; Luster: Metallic; Crystal Structure: Trigonal (hexagonal system); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 5.26

Hardness: 5
Color: Metallic gray to black
Luster: Metallic

Identified May 18, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 5.5-6.5 (Mohs scale); Color: Metallic gray to black; Luster: Metallic; Crystal Structure: Trigonal (hexagonal system); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 5.26

Formation & geological history

Formed in hydrothermal veins, as an alteration product in igneous rocks, or as a chemical precipitate in sedimentary environments like Banded Iron Formations (BIFs).

Uses & applications

Primary ore of iron for steel production, pigment (ochre), jewelry (cabochons and beads), and heavy media separation in mining.

Geological facts

Hematite always leaves a reddish-brown streak even if the stone looks black. The name comes from the Greek word 'haima' meaning blood. It was used by early humans for cave paintings.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its high density and distinctive red streak when rubbed on unglazed porcelain. Commonly found in large sedimentary deposits like those in the Lake Superior district of North America.