mineral

Hematite

Hematite (Fe2O3)

Hardness: 5.5-6.5 on Mohs scale. Color: Steel-gray, black, reddish-brown. Luster: Metallic to sub-metallic or dull. Crystal Structure: Trigonal. Cleavage: None, exhibits uneven to conchoidal fracture. Specific Gravity: 5.3

Hardness: 5
Color: Steel-gray, black, reddish-brown
Luster: Metallic to sub-metallic or dull

Identified July 30, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms in diverse environments including hydrothermal veins, sedimentary iron deposits, and as a weathering product of iron-rich rocks. Formed across various geological eras.

Uses & applications

Primary ore of iron, used in steel production, pigments, polishing powders, and widely cut and tumbled into beads, cabochons, and jewelry.

Geological facts

Hematite leaves a distinct reddish-brown streak when rubbed on an unglazed porcelain plate, even when the mineral itself is metallic silver or black. Its name is derived from the Greek word for blood, 'haima'.

Field identification & locations

Easily identified by its high specific gravity (feels heavy for its size), metallic luster, and characteristic reddish-brown streak. Found globally, with notable deposits in Brazil, China, Australia, and the USA.