mineral
Hematite
Hematite (Fe2O3)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 5.5-6.5 on Mohs scale. Color: Steel-gray, black, reddish-brown. Luster: Metallic to sub-metallic or dull. Crystal Structure: Trigonal. Cleavage: None, exhibits uneven to conchoidal fracture. Specific Gravity: 5.3
- Hardness
- 5
- Color
- Steel-gray, black, reddish-brown
- Luster
- Metallic to sub-metallic or dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 5.5-6.5 on Mohs scale. Color: Steel-gray, black, reddish-brown. Luster: Metallic to sub-metallic or dull. Crystal Structure: Trigonal. Cleavage: None, exhibits uneven to conchoidal fracture. Specific Gravity: 5.3
Formation & geological history
Forms in diverse environments including hydrothermal veins, sedimentary iron deposits, and as a weathering product of iron-rich rocks. Formed across various geological eras.
Uses & applications
Primary ore of iron, used in steel production, pigments, polishing powders, and widely cut and tumbled into beads, cabochons, and jewelry.
Geological facts
Hematite leaves a distinct reddish-brown streak when rubbed on an unglazed porcelain plate, even when the mineral itself is metallic silver or black. Its name is derived from the Greek word for blood, 'haima'.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its high specific gravity (feels heavy for its size), metallic luster, and characteristic reddish-brown streak. Found globally, with notable deposits in Brazil, China, Australia, and the USA.
