
metamorphic
Iron-stained metamorphic rock, likely schist or quartzite
Quartz–mica–iron oxide rock; probable muscovite/biotite schist or ferruginous quartzite
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectBrown to orange-brown, granular and locally foliated, with earthy to faintly sparkly luster from mica and iron oxides. Likely hardness 5.5–7 Mohs, depending on quartz content; quartz-rich areas are hard, while mica-rich layers may split.
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Physical properties
Brown to orange-brown, granular and locally foliated, with earthy to faintly sparkly luster from mica and iron oxides. Likely hardness 5.5–7 Mohs, depending on quartz content; quartz-rich areas are hard, while mica-rich layers may split.
Formation & geological history
Probably formed when quartz-rich sediment or volcanic material was buried, heated, and metamorphosed, then oxidized near the surface by groundwater. Exact geological age and identification require a fresh surface, streak, hardness, and mineralogical testing.
Uses & applications
Typically used as a field specimen, landscaping stone, or aggregate if sufficiently durable; attractive pieces may be collected but are rarely used as gemstones.
Geological facts
The orange-brown coloration is characteristic of hematite and/or limonite coatings replacing or staining iron-bearing minerals. A magnet test may detect included magnetite, but iron staining alone is not magnetic.
Field identification & locations
Common in metamorphic terrains worldwide, especially areas with schist, quartzite, and iron-rich hydrothermal alteration. Test hardness against glass, inspect for planar mica foliation, and use a streak plate or acid test to distinguish it from iron-rich sedimentary rock.
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