gemstone

Jade

Nephrite (Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2) or Jadeite (NaAlSi2O6)

Mohs hardness of 6-7, typically dark green to light green in color, vitreous to greasy luster, monoclinic crystal system, tough and interlocking fibrous micro-structure, specific gravity around 2.9-3.4

Identified July 31, 2026More gemstone →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed under high-pressure, low-temperature metamorphic conditions, often found in serpentinite belts or subduction zone environments over millions of years

Uses & applications

Widely used in fine jewelry, ornamental carvings, sculptures, and traditional artifacts due to its exceptional toughness and beauty

Geological facts

Jade has been prized in Chinese and Mesoamerican cultures for thousands of years, often considered more valuable than gold in ancient China

Field identification & locations

Identified by its distinctive waxy luster, extreme toughness making it difficult to break with a hammer, and rich green coloration; commonly sourced from Myanmar, China, Canada, and Guatemala

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Diamond and Gold Jewelry

Carbon (Diamond) / Au (Gold)

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Ammolite

Ammolite (Biogenic Aragonite with trace elements; fossils of Placenticeras meeki and Placenticeras intercalare)

mineral

Cubic Zirconia (simulant) or Diamond

ZrO2 (Cubic Zirconia) or C (Diamond)

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Black Opal Ring (Carved Opal)

Hydrated Silicon Dioxide (SiO2·nH2O)

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Red Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Hematite inclusions

sedimentary

Cubic Zirconia (or possibly Diamond)

Zirconium dioxide (or Carbon)

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