metamorphic
Lapis Lazuli (Low Quality/Rough)
Lapis Lazuli (comprised of Lazurite, Calcite, and Pyrite)
Hardness: 5-5.5 (Mohs scale), Color: Intense deep blue to light blue, Luster: Dull to vitreous, Crystal structure: Isometric (Lazurite component), Specific gravity: 2.7-2.9
- Hardness
- 5-5
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Physical properties
Hardness: 5-5.5 (Mohs scale), Color: Intense deep blue to light blue, Luster: Dull to vitreous, Crystal structure: Isometric (Lazurite component), Specific gravity: 2.7-2.9
Formation & geological history
Formed in crystalline limestones through contact metamorphism. The blue color is primarily from lazurite. Key deposits are thousands of years old, notably in the Sar-e-Sang mines.
Uses & applications
Used for carvings, beads, jewelry, and historically as a pigment (Ultramarine). Lower quality pieces are often used for decorative inlay or tumbled stones.
Geological facts
Lapis lazuli was highly prized by Ancient Egyptians for amulets and ornaments. It is one of the oldest known gemstones, mined for over 6,000 years.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its distinctive deep blue color often accompanied by white calcite veining or golden pyrite specks. Found in Afghanistan, Russia, and Chile.
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