metamorphic
Lapis Lazuli
Lapis Lazuli (Rock composed mainly of lazurite, calcite, and pyrite)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness 5-5.5 on Mohs scale; deep blue color with distinctive golden pyrite flecks; vitreous to greasy luster; massive crystal habit with no distinct cleavage.
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Physical properties
Hardness 5-5.5 on Mohs scale; deep blue color with distinctive golden pyrite flecks; vitreous to greasy luster; massive crystal habit with no distinct cleavage.
Formation & geological history
Formed through contact metamorphism of limestone, typically associated with intrusive magmatic activity in ancient orogenic belts.
Uses & applications
Widely used for ornamental carvings, polished gemstones, inlay work, and historically ground into ultramarine pigment.
Geological facts
Lapis lazuli has been prized as a gemstone and decorative material since antiquity, famously used in the funeral mask of Tutankhamun.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its rich blue coloration combined with brassy pyrite inclusions. Major deposits are found in Afghanistan, Chile, and Russia.
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