
metamorphic
Likely serpentine-rich ultramafic rock
Serpentinite; chiefly serpentine-group minerals (Mg3Si2O5(OH)4), commonly with magnetite and relict olivine/pyroxene
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectDark olive-green to brown, waxy or greasy luster, massive and fine-grained; Mohs hardness about 2.5–4, with no obvious cleavage. The rounded, glossy surface appears water-worn or polished, so texture and exact mineralogy cannot be confirmed from the image alone.
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Physical properties
Dark olive-green to brown, waxy or greasy luster, massive and fine-grained; Mohs hardness about 2.5–4, with no obvious cleavage. The rounded, glossy surface appears water-worn or polished, so texture and exact mineralogy cannot be confirmed from the image alone.
Formation & geological history
Forms when mantle-derived peridotite is hydrated and altered by low-temperature hydrothermal fluids, commonly along faults and tectonic plate boundaries. Serpentinization occurs from the Precambrian to the present.
Uses & applications
Used as decorative stone, carving material, aggregate, and historically as a source of asbestos-bearing minerals; attractive pieces may be collected as lapidary specimens.
Geological facts
Serpentinite is often strongly magnetic if magnetite-rich and may contain fibrous chrysotile asbestos, so avoid cutting, grinding, or generating dust. Its green color commonly results from serpentine minerals.
Field identification & locations
Look for olive-green color, waxy feel, low hardness, curved veining, and possible magnetism; common in ophiolites and metamorphic belts worldwide, including California, Italy, New Zealand, and the Canadian Rockies.
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