
metamorphic
Likely serpentinite (serpentine-rich metamorphic rock)
Serpentinite, chiefly serpentine-group minerals (chrysotile, lizardite, antigorite), commonly with magnetite and minor talc/carbonate
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectDark gray-green, mottled and subtly veined, with a waxy to dull luster and fine-grained texture. Typical hardness is about 2.5–4 Mohs; cleavage is poor or absent, and density is usually 2.5–2.6. The photograph does not clearly show diagnostic crystals.
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Physical properties
Dark gray-green, mottled and subtly veined, with a waxy to dull luster and fine-grained texture. Typical hardness is about 2.5–4 Mohs; cleavage is poor or absent, and density is usually 2.5–2.6. The photograph does not clearly show diagnostic crystals.
Formation & geological history
Forms when ultramafic mantle rocks such as peridotite hydrate during metamorphism, commonly along faults and subduction zones. Serpentinization can occur from the Precambrian to the present, so age requires locality information.
Uses & applications
Used as decorative stone, carvings, countertops, and occasionally jewelry; historically used as a source of asbestos-bearing material. Avoid cutting or sanding unknown specimens because some serpentinite contains fibrous chrysotile.
Geological facts
Its green color results from hydration and alteration of olivine- and pyroxene-rich rocks. Magnetite produced during serpentinization may make pieces weakly magnetic.
Field identification & locations
Look for green-black mottling, slick or waxy surfaces, veining, and unusually low hardness; a steel nail may scratch it. Common in ophiolites and tectonic belts worldwide, including Oman, California, Italy, New Zealand, and Greece.
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