mineral
Malachite
Copper Carbonate Hydroxide (Cu2CO3(OH)2)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness of 3.5 to 4 on the Mohs scale, vibrant green color with distinctive concentric banding or stripes, and a vitreous to silky luster. It has a monoclinic crystal system and a pale green streak.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 3.5 to 4 on the Mohs scale, vibrant green color with distinctive concentric banding or stripes, and a vitreous to silky luster. It has a monoclinic crystal system and a pale green streak.
Formation & geological history
Forms as a secondary mineral in the oxidation zone of copper ore deposits, typically in limestone caves and underground voids.
Uses & applications
Widely used as an ornamental gemstone for cabochons, beads, and carvings, as well as historically for green pigment and copper ore.
Geological facts
Malachite has been mined for over 3,000 years, particularly in the Sinai Peninsula and ancient Egypt, where it was ground into eyeshadow and amulets.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its characteristic bright green color and banded patterns, reacting with acid due to its carbonate content. Found globally with major deposits in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Russia, and Australia.
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