mineral
Muscovite mica
Muscovite, KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectMohs hardness 2–2.5; colorless to silvery-gray with vitreous to pearly luster. Monoclinic, with perfect basal cleavage that separates into thin, flexible, transparent sheets; specific gravity about 2.8–2.9.
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness 2–2.5; colorless to silvery-gray with vitreous to pearly luster. Monoclinic, with perfect basal cleavage that separates into thin, flexible, transparent sheets; specific gravity about 2.8–2.9.
Formation & geological history
Forms in granitic pegmatites and mica-rich metamorphic rocks through slow magma crystallization or metamorphism. It occurs in rocks spanning a wide range of geological ages.
Uses & applications
Used as electrical and thermal insulation, filler in paints and plastics, and in cosmetics; large clear sheets are collected and sometimes used decoratively.
Geological facts
Muscovite is named for Muscovy, an old name for Russia, where sheet mica was historically used for window panes.
Field identification & locations
Identify it by its shiny, sheet-like layers that split into thin, elastic flakes; common in pegmatites and schists worldwide, including India, Brazil, and the United States.
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Other mineral specimens
Gneiss or Schist
Gneiss or Mica Schist with Garnet
Metamorphic
Sandstone (with potential mineral staining/concretions)
Arenite (SiO2 based)
sedimentary
Tumbled granite
Granite, a coarse-grained felsic intrusive igneous rock
igneous
Epidote
Epidote | Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH)
metamorphic
Pegmatite with Tourmaline and Quartz
Igneous Pegmatite
igneous
Granite
Granite (Phaneritic intrusive igneous rock)
igneous