metamorphic

Nephrite Jade

Tremolite-Actinolite series (Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 6-6.5 on Mohs scale; Color: light to dark green, yellowish green, tan; Luster: waxy to greasy; Crystal structure: monoclinic (interlocking fibrous microcrystalline mass); Cleavage: none (tough, splintery fracture); Specific gravity: 2.9-3.0

Hardness: 6-6
Color: light to dark green, yellowish green, tan
Luster: waxy to greasy

Identified July 24, 2026More metamorphic →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through regional metamorphic processes involving ultra-mafic rocks or dolomitic limestones under moderate heat and pressure, often found in serpentinite belts along subduction zones.

Uses & applications

Used extensively in carving, jewelry, cabochons, decorative sculptures, and historically in tools and weapons due to its extreme toughness.

Geological facts

Nephrite is famous for being exceptionally tough, even tougher than steel, due to its tightly interwoven fibrous crystal structure. It was highly prized in ancient China and Maori cultures of New Zealand.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its waxy-greasy luster, high toughness, smooth soapy feel when polished, and green hues with brownish-yellow weathered crusts. Commonly found in California, Wyoming, British Columbia, New Zealand, and Russia.